Edward Said Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre. Edward Wadie Said en rabe, Jerusaln, 1 de noviembre de 1. Nueva York, Estados Unidos, 2. Fue autor y analista de fama mundial, y miembro del Consejo Nacional Palestino 1. De 1. 96. 3 hasta su muerte en 2. Universidad de Columbia. Es considerado como uno de los iniciadores de los estudios poscolonialistas. En 1. Daniel Barenboim, fund la West East Divan Orchestra que desde 2. Sevilla Espaa. Said naci en Jerusaln entonces bajo el Mandato Britnico de Palestina el 1 de noviembre de 1. Su padre era un comerciante que adquiri la nacionalidad estadounidense y su madre era palestina descendiente de cristianos libaneses. Said se crio en Jerusaln y El Cairo, Egipto. En Jerusaln Occidental asisti a la Academia Anglicana de San Jorge hasta los doce aos. HcvCRTaK16w/0.jpg]];var lpix_1=pix_1.length;var p1_0= [[660' alt='Edward Said Introduction Orientalism Pdf' title='Edward Said Introduction Orientalism Pdf' />Segn el propio Said, su familia se tuvo que trasladar a un campo de refugiados en 1. Jerusaln Occidental por parte de fuerzas israeles. A los 1. 4 aos Said entr al Colegio Victoria en El Cairo, y luego a la escuela Mount Hermon de Massachusetts en los Estados Unidos, en 1. Recibi su licenciatura de la Universidad de Princeton en 1. Universidad Harvard en 1. Ingres a la Universidad de Columbia como lector en 1. Fue nombrado profesor titular en 1. El mismo ao fue elegido miembro del Consejo Nacional Palestino, la asamblea legislativa de la Organizacin para la Liberacin de Palestina OLP en el exilio. En 1. 97. 8 public Orientalismo, su obra ms conocida y uno de los estudios ms influyentes del siglo XX. Said tambin ense en las universidades de Harvard, Johns Hopkins y Yale, y dio conferencias en ms de 2. Norte Amrica, Europa, frica y Asia. A parte de su labor docente, son numerosas sus colaboraciones en peridicos y revistas de muchos pases como su columna quincenal en Al Ahram y Al Hayat, y form parte del consejo editorial de veinte rotativos. Era tambin el editor jefe de la coleccin de libros Convergences, editada por Harvard University Press. En 1. Foro de Sabios de la UNESCO. Tpain Plugging Register Key on this page. Hablaba ingls y francs fluidamente, su rabe coloquial era excelente, su rabe formal muy bueno y estaba familiarizado con el espaol, el alemn, el italiano y el latn. Se le concedieron numerosos doctorados honorarios alrededor del mundo y recibi dos veces el Premio Trilling de Columbia, as como el Premio Wellek de la American Comparative Literature Association. En 2. 00. 2 se le concedi el Premio Prncipe de Asturias de la Concordia. Era miembro de la American Academy of Arts and Sciences, la Royal Society of Literature, la American Philosophical Society, y miembro honorario del Kings College Universidad de Cambridge. Fue miembro del consejo ejecutivo del PEN Club Internacional hasta 1. Modern Language Association MLA en 1. Edward Said muri a los 6. Nueva York en 2. 00. Edward Said y su hermana en El Cairo. OrientalismoeditarSaid es mejor conocido por describir y criticar el orientalismo, que para l consista en una constelacin de falsos prejuicios en el fondo de las actitudes occidentales con respecto al oriente. En Orientalismo 1. Said denuncia los persistentes y sutiles prejuicios eurocntricos contra los pueblos rabes islmicos y su cultura. Argumenta que una larga tradicin de imgenes falsas y romantizadas de Asia y el Medio Oriente en la cultura occidental han servido de justificacin implcita a las ambiciones coloniales e imperiales de Europa y Estados Unidos. Signs from Above Towards a Comparative Symbology of Bird Imagery in Medieval Near Eastern Popular Prose. Representations of the Intellectual THE 1993 REITH LECTURES Edward W. Said VINTAGE BOOKS A DIVISION OF RANDOM HOUSE, INC. NEW YORK. Activismo pro palestino y pacifismoeditarEl compromiso activo de Said con la causa palestina empez en 1. Seis Das en 1. 96. Como activista palestino, Said defendi los derechos de los palestinos en Israel y los territorios ocupados de Gaza y Cisjordania. En sus escritos de 1. Said anticip una eventual poltica de agresin por parte de los Estados Unidos en el Medio Oriente. Durante muchos aos fue miembro del Consejo Nacional Palestino, pero rompi con Arafat por desacuerdo con los Acuerdos de Oslo. Said los consideraba un fraude, y haca notar que no se mencionaba el fin de la ocupacin israel, ni el destino de Jerusaln, ni se propona una solucin a los asentamientos israeles. Pero aun habiendo roto con Arafat, su lucha por los derechos de los palestinos continu, y en el ao 2. Lbano e Israel. 6Debido a su activismo pro palestino, fue acusado por sectores proisraeles de lnea dura, de antisemita y hasta de terrorista. En algn momento le dejaron una bomba en su oficina, y en otro trataron de despojarlo de su trabajo de acadmico universitario. Pero, en 1. 99. 9, junto con su amigo, el msico argentino, Daniel Barenboim fund la Orquesta Divn Este Oeste, una iniciativa para reunir cada verano a un grupo de jvenes con talento de Israel y de los pases rabes. Por ello, recibieron ambos el Premio Prncipe de Asturias de la Concordia en 2. En 2. 00. 2, Said fue cofundador, junto con Haidar Abdel Shafi, Ibrahim Dakak, y Mustafa Barghouti, del partido y movimiento social Palestinian National Initiative Al Mubadara, un intento de crear una tercera fuerza poltica palestina que pudiera ser una alternativa democrtica y reformista a Fatah y a Hams. Said no solo era amante de la msica sino que era un excelente pianista. Escribi extensamente sobre msica, y fue el crtico musical de la revista estadounidense The Nation durante aos. Escribi tres libros sobre msica Elaboraciones musicales ensayos sobre msica clsica, Paralelismos y paradojas reflexiones sobre msica y sociedad conjuntamente con Daniel Barenboim, y su ltimo libro, On Late Style Music and Literature Against the Grain. Said vea a menudo en la msica un reflejo de sus deas sobre literatura e historia. Una coleccin pstuma de sus ensayos fue editada en 2. Estados Unidos y en 2. Espaa, con el ttulo Msica al lmite. El compositor rabe estadounidense Mohammed Fairouz ha sido profundamente influenciado por los escritos de Edward Said. Su primera sinfona toma como referencia el ensayo Homage to a Belly Dancer, y su sonata para piano tiene por ttulo Reflections on Exile, ttulo de la coleccin de ensayos de Said. En honor a Edward Said, en 2. Conservatorio Nacional de Msica de Palestina cambi su nombre a Conservatorio Nacional de Msica Edward Said The Edward Said National Conservatory of Music. After the Last Sky 1. Beginnings 1. 97. Blaming the Victims 1. CIA et Jihad, 1. 95. Contre lURSS, une disastreuse alliance 2. John K. Cooley. Covering Islam 1. Criticism in Society. Culture and Imperialism 1. The End Of The Peace Process 2. Edward Said A Critical Reader. Jewish Religion, Jewish History IntroductionJoseph Conrad and the Fiction of Autobiography 1. Literature and Society 1. Musical Elaborations 1. Nationalism, Colonialism, and Literature. Orientalism Orientalismo 1. Orientalisme 1. 98. Out of Place 1. 99. Parallels and Paradoxes with Daniel BarenboimThe Pen and the Sword 1. The Politics of Dispossession 1. The Question of Palestine 1. Reflections on Exile 2. Representations of the Intellectual 1. The World, the Text and the Critic 1. Traducciones al castellanoeditarGaza y Jeric, pax americana Archivo de Internet Txalaparta Argitaletxea, 2. ISBN 9. 78 8. 4 8. Msica al lmite tres dcadas de ensayos y artculos musicales, prlogo de Daniel Barenboim, Nuevas Ediciones de Bolsillo, 2. ISBN 9. 78 8. 4 9. Conversaciones con Edward Said, por Tariq Al 1. Alianza, 2. 01. 0, ISBN 9. Sobre el estilo tardo msica y literatura a contracorriente, Debate, 2. Trent Enrichment Program Registration. Racism Wikipedia. Racism is the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which often results in discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity. Today, the use of the term racism does not easily fall under a single definition. The ideology underlying racist practices often includes the idea that humans can be subdivided into distinct groups that are different due to their social behavior and their innate capacities as well as the idea that they can be ranked as inferior or superior. The Holocaust is a classic example of institutionalized racism which led to the death of millions of people based on race. While the concepts of race and ethnicity are considered to be separate in contemporary social science, the two terms have a long history of equivalence in both popular usage and older social science literature. Ethnicity is often used in a sense close to one traditionally attributed to race the division of human groups based on qualities assumed to be essential or innate to the group e. Therefore, racism and racial discrimination are often used to describe discrimination on an ethnic or cultural basis, independent of whether these differences are described as racial. According to a United Nationsconvention on racial discrimination, there is no distinction between the terms racial and ethnic discrimination. The UN convention further concludes that superiority based on racial differentiation is scientifically false, morally condemnable, socially unjust and dangerous, and there is no justification for racial discrimination, anywhere, in theory or in practice. Racist ideology can become manifest in many aspects of social life. Racism can be present in social actions, practices, or political systems e. Associated social actions may include nativism, xenophobia, otherness, segregation, hierarchical ranking, supremacism, and related social phenomena. Etymology, definition and usage. An early use of the word racism by Richard Henry Pratt in 1. Association of races and classes is necessary to destroy racism and classism. In the 1. The term racism is a noun describing the state of being racist, i. The origin of the root word race is not clear. Linguists generally agree that it came to the English language from Middle French, but there is no such agreement on how it came into Latin based languages, generally. A recent proposal is that it derives from the Arabicras, which means head, beginning, origin or the Hebrewrosh, which has a similar meaning. Early race theorists generally held the view that some races were inferior to others and they consequently believed that the differential treatment of races was fully justified. These early theories guided pseudo scientific research assumptions the collective endeavors to adequately define and form hypotheses about racial differences are generally termed scientific racism, though this term is a misnomer due to the lack of any actual science backing the claims. Today, most biologists, anthropologists, and sociologists reject a taxonomy of races in favor of more specific andor empirically verifiable criteria, such as geography, ethnicity or a history of endogamy. To date, there is little evidence in human genome research which indicates that race can be defined in such a way as to be useful in determining a genetic classification of humans. An entry in the Oxford English Dictionary 2. An earlier term than racism, but now largely superseded by it, and cites it in a 1. The revised Oxford English Dictionary cites the shortened term racism in a quote from the following year, 1. It was first defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as the theory that distinctive human characteristics and abilities are determined by race, which gives 1. Additionally, the Oxford English Dictionary records racism as a synonym of racialism belief in the superiority of a particular race. By the end of World War II, racism had acquired the same supremacist connotations formerly associated with racialism racism now implied racial discrimination, racial supremacism and a harmful intent. The term race hatred had also been used by sociologist Frederick Hertz in the late 1. As its history indicates, the popular use of the word racism is relatively recent. The word came into widespread usage in the Western world in the 1. Nazism, which saw race as a naturally given political unit. It is commonly agreed that racism existed before the coinage of the word, but there is not a wide agreement on a single definition of what racism is and what it is not. Today, some scholars of racism prefer to use the concept in the plural racisms in order to emphasize its many different forms that do not easily fall under a single definition and they also argue that different forms of racism have characterized different historical periods and geographical areas. Garner 2. 00. 9 p. First, a historical, hierarchical power relationship between groups second, a set of ideas an ideology about racial differences and, third, discriminatory actions practices. Legal. Though many countries around the globe have passed laws related to race and discrimination, the first significant international human rights instrument developed by the United Nations UN was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights UDHR. The UDHR was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1. The UDHR recognizes that if people are to be treated with dignity, they require economic rights, social rights including education, and the rights to cultural and political participation and civil liberty. It further states that everyone is entitled to these rights without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. The UN does not define racism however, it does define racial discrimination According to the 1. UN International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,1. In their 1. 97. 8 United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UNESCO Declaration on Race and Racial Prejudice Article 1, the UN states, All human beings belong to a single species and are descended from a common stock. They are born equal in dignity and rights and all form an integral part of humanity. The UN definition of racial discrimination does not make any distinction between discrimination based on ethnicity and race, in part because the distinction between the two has been a matter of debate among academics, including anthropologists. Similarly, in British law the phrase racial group means any group of people who are defined by reference to their race, colour, nationality including citizenship or ethnic or national origin. In Norway, the word race has been removed from national laws concerning discrimination because the use of the phrase is considered problematic and unethical. The Norwegian Anti Discrimination Act bans discrimination based on ethnicity, national origin, descent and skin color. Social and behavioral science. Sociologists, in general, recognize race as a social construct. This means that, although the concepts of race and racism are based on observable biological characteristics, any conclusions drawn about race on the basis of those observations are heavily influenced by cultural ideologies.